CDKN2A Gene Mutations: Cancer Risks
Cancer Risk Associated with Inherited Mutations
People with inherited mutations have an increased risk for pancreatic cancer and melanoma. More details about the estimated risks can be found in the table below.
If you have tested positive for an inherited mutation, we recommend that you speak with a genetics expert. They will look at your personal and family history of cancer and help you understand your cancer risk. They will work with you to choose a plan for managing your cancer risk that's right for you.
It is important to note that cancer risks are estimates over the course of a person's lifetime. Your lifetime risk and risk over the next five years will vary depending on:
- current age
- gender
- specific mutation
- personal and family health history
- diet, exercise, lifestyle and other factors
Cancer risk table
Cancer Type |
Lifetime Risk with an CDKN2A Mutation |
Lifetime Risk for General Population |
Notes |
Melanoma |
28 - 76% |
2.5% |
People with CDKN2A mutations:
The risk depends on family history, where they live, lifestyle and other genetic factors. |
Pancreatic cancer |
15% or higher |
1.7% |
Research suggests that smoking may increase this risk. |
Source: NCCN Guidelines: Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Breast, Ovarian, Pancreatic, vs. 3 2025 |
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More Resources
Find a Pancreatic Cancer Screening Program
Experts working to improve detection and prevention of hereditary pancreatic cancer.
NCCN Patient Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer
Expert guidelines to help people with pancreatic cancer make informed decisions.
Find a Dermatologist
Find dermatologists by expertise, location or procedure.
NCCN Patient Guidelines for Melanoma
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network has guidelines to help people diagnosed with melanoma make informed decisions.
Participate in Prevention Research
Below are some of our featured research studies looking at new ways to screen for, prevent or intercept cancer in people with mutations. To search for additional studies, visit our Search and Enroll Tool.
Pancreatic Cancer Early Detection for People at High Risk
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04970056
Pancreatic Cancer Screening Study for High Risk People
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03250078